本文旨在运用Cap的趋近化理论,探讨刑事庭审中公诉人的话语策略。本文以张扣扣一案为语料,通过使用UAM corpus tool 3对语料进行人工标注,统计出公诉人话语的趋近化策略。研究发现:公诉人使用了三种趋近化策略,分别为空间、时间、价值趋近策略;三种趋近化策略在使用上存在不同的倾向性,其中,空间趋近的使用频次最高,在证明被告人犯罪事实方面起到了直接作用,其次是价值趋近,最低的是时间趋近;公诉人通过采用这三种趋近策略,构建了话语空间外部实体与话语空间内部实体之间的敌对性,强化话语空间外部实体的非法性,唤起外部逼近的威胁以寻求防御,进而合法化严惩被告人犯罪行为的举措。This study aims to apply Cap’s Proximization Theory to explore the discourse strategies of the prosecutor in criminal trials. Taking the case of Zhang Koukou as an example, this study manually annotated the corpus using UAM corpus tool 3 to analyze the proximization strategies employed by the prosecutor. The study reveals that the prosecutor uses three proximization strategies, namely spatial, temporal, and axiological proximization strategies. These strategies show different tendencies in usage: among which spatial proximization is the most frequently used, playing a direct role in proving the facts of the defendant’s crime, followed by axiological proximization, and temporal proximization. By employing these three strategies, the prosecutor constructs hostility between entities outside the deictic center and those inside the deictic center, strengthens the illegality of entities outside the deictic center, awakens external threats to seek defense, and thus legitimizes measures to severely punish the defendant’s criminal behavior.
自法律语言学诞生之日起,对于法律与语言的融合研究便日渐深入。其中,庭审话语作为一门机构性语言,因其规范性、严谨性及强烈的目的性为学者们所关注。国内学者对于这一领域的研究角度十分广泛,常常从不同的语言学视角进行融合性分析。笔者在中国知网上以“庭审话语”等为关键词对2002~2024年(9月)有关文献进行了检索,并对搜索成果进行整理分析,尝试从六个视角对我国当代庭审话语研究进行综述,以期更好地阐释相关领域研究的整体面貌,揭示国内学者兴趣热点,增强我们对于法律语言学尤其是庭审话语理解的系统性与深刻性。Since the birth of forensic linguistics, the researches on the integration of law and language have become increasingly in-depth. Among them, as an institutional language, courtroom discourse has attracted the attention of scholars because of its standardization, accuracy and rigor, and strong purpose. Chinese scholars have done a wide range of studies in this field from different linguistic perspectives. By searching relevant literature from 2002 to 2024 (September) on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) with “courtroom discourse” as keywords, and sorting out and analyzing the results, this paper attempts to dig up the researches done on courtroom discourse from six linguistic perspectives, in order to better explain the overall picture of related fields of research, reveal the hot topics Chinese scholars are concerned with, and enhance our understanding of forensic linguistics, especially courtroom discourse in a systematic and profound way.
