癌症已成为全球人类健康的主要威胁之一,是导致人口死亡的第二大因素。膀胱癌是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,尤其在老年人中发病率较高。尽管膀胱癌患者术后预期寿命较长,但术后复发率和进展率高,严重影响患者的生活质量和经济状况。白蛋白结合型紫杉醇(nab-紫杉醇)作为一种新型纳米颗粒抗肿瘤药物,已被广泛应用于多种癌症的治疗。其在膀胱癌治疗中不仅可用于全身化疗,还可用于膀胱灌注治疗,展现出良好的疗效和安全性。白蛋白作为一种生物相容性好、无毒且非免疫原性的多功能蛋白质纳米载体,具有靶向肿瘤细胞表面特定受体的能力,可通过表面修饰进一步提高对肿瘤组织的药物递送效率。文章综述了白蛋白结合型紫杉醇在膀胱癌治疗中的应用现状,重点探讨了其潜在的作用机制,包括通过SPARC蛋白、Tau蛋白和GP60受体等途径影响肿瘤细胞的增殖、凋亡和耐药性,并且通过黏膜穿透给药系统增强药物富集。此外,文章还分析了白蛋白结合型紫杉醇在膀胱癌治疗中的临床应用潜力和未来研究方向。Cancer has become one of the major threats to human health globally and is the second leading cause of death. Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the urinary system, with a particularly high incidence rate among the elderly. Although patients with bladder cancer have a relatively long postoperative life expectancy, the high recurrence and progression rates after surgery severely affect patients’ quality of life and economic conditions. Albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel), as a novel nanoparticle anti-tumor drug, has been widely used in the treatment of various cancers. In the treatment of bladder cancer, it can be used not only for systemic chemotherapy but also for intravesical instillation, showing good efficacy and safety. Albumin, as a biocompatible, non-toxic, and non-immunogenic multifunctional
