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国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CBA01203)

作品数:31 被引量:175H指数:9
相关作者:王运东刘作华陶长元刘仁龙唐巧更多>>
相关机构:清华大学重庆大学天津大学更多>>
发文基金:国家重点基础研究发展计划国家自然科学基金国家重点实验室开放基金更多>>
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31 条 记 录,以下是 1-10
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Extraction of lanthanides by polysulfone microcapsules containing EHPNA. I. Piercing method被引量:5
2015年
Since the conventional liquid-liquid extraction method suffered from a series of problems such as inefficiency of one stage extraction, vast device occupation and severe emulsification, we adopted microcapsule (MC) technique to change the former liq- uid-liquid extraction to liquid-solid extraction. Firstly, the piercing method was performed to prepare the empty polysulfone (PSF) microcapsules, which was easy to implement and control. Secondly, the ultrasonic approach was utilized to prepare the fimctional microcapsules containing 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (EHPNA). We focused on a key factor of the molar ratio of PSF over 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), attaining a loading ratio as high as 7.21 g-EHPNA/g-PSF. Thirdly, we examined the kinetics and thermodynamics of extraction. Kinetic results demonstrated that equilibrium was reached within two hours, with an extraction rate of Sm3+=Er3+〉La3+ Thermodynamic results showed that the extraction of lanthanides complied wi~ the Langmuir law, with an extraction capacity of 0.25~2.30 mmol/g-microcapsule. Fourthly, stripping experiment indicated that three hours were re- quired to accomplish equilibrium for La3+ and Sm3+ while longer hours for Er3+. Finally, seven extraction-stripping cyclic experiments were performed for three mixed elements, the results of which revealed that Sm3+ and Er3+ maintained constantly high extractiori amount whilst La3+ leveled off at approximately 50%. This proposed polysulfone microcapsule containing EHPNA is suitable to be applied to extraction and concentration of rare earth metals.
靖宇王月侯海龙徐建鸿王运东
关键词:EXTRACTIONMICROCAPSULE
阴离子效应强化金属萃取分离的界面机理研究
在金属离子的溶剂萃取分离过程中,共存盐离子对金属离子的萃取行为有着重要的影响,这种现象称之为盐离子效应。目前,人们对于萃取过程中盐离子效应作用机理的认识还比较缺乏,特别是微观层次。从界面分子层次来研究萃取行为是当前萃取化...
孙盼
关键词:水溶液
Recovery of rare earths from spent FCC catalysts by solvent extraction using saponified 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid-2-ethylhexyl ester(EHEHPA)被引量:9
2017年
A process to recover rare earth(RE) metals from spent fluid catalytic cracking(FCC) catalysts by solvent extraction was studied, using saponified 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid-2-ethylhexyl ester(EHEHPA or P507). The recovery process involved three steps:(1) leaching REs(mainly lanthanum and cerium);(2) solvent extraction by applying saponified P507-kerosene system;(3) stripping. Experiments to assure optimal operating conditions were conducted. Results indicated that RE metals could be recovered effectively from spent catalyst with saponified P507-kerosene-HCl system. At room temperature of 25 oC, 10 g spent catalyst with 110 m L of HCl(1 mol/L) could achieve a leaching efficiency of 85%. For extraction, initial pH value of 3.17, organic/aqueous ratio(O/A ratio) of 2:1 with an extractants' saponification rate of 20% could obtain 100% efficiency. In the stripping process, 1 mol/L HCl with O/A ratio of 1:1 led to a stripping efficiency of 96%. In the present study, RE metals from spent FCC catalysts were effectively recovered, which avoided wasting a large amount of RE resources. It provides a theoretical support for commercial recycling of RE resources.
叶思施靖宇王运东费维扬
P507硝酸体系萃取铒及其与钙、铁的分离被引量:8
2014年
稀土分离过程中常常需要进行稀土与非稀土元素的分离。在硝酸体系中进行了无皂化和皂化P507萃取分离Er3+的实验研究。通过作图法确定了无皂化P507萃取Er3+的反应式。皂化实验研究发现增加皂化度能够提高Er3+的萃取效果,但是皂化度过高会导致反应时水相容易水解而降低萃取率。Er3+的萃取率随着初始水相pH的增加而先增加后降低,在初始水相pH为2.0时达到最大值(>95%)。杂质(Ca2+、Fe3+)的存在对于Er3+的萃取率没有影响,铒与钙的分离因子βEr3+/Ca2+一般都能达到10以上,两者分离效果较好。但是只有在初始水相pH为3.0左右时,铒与铁的分离因子βEr3+/Fe3+较高(>10)从而两者能有较好的分离效果。
牛卿霖王运东
关键词:稀土P507皂化萃取
P507-煤油体系物性测量及其在澄清槽内的CFD模拟
体系的界面张力对稀土萃取分离过程的澄清时间有着重要的影响。采用悬滴技术分别测量了不同P507-煤油体系与水,未皂化P507-煤油体系与盐酸在常温常压下的界面张力,采用旋转粘度计对不同P507-煤油体系进行粘度测量。讨论了...
叶思施唐巧乔军帅王运东
关键词:粘度
Structural optimization of a settler via CFD simulation in a mixer-settler被引量:2
2020年
This work is aimed at optimizing a settler structure in a mixer-settler.Two different aspects have been considered.Firstly,the flowcharacteristics of a settler have been examined by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulation with various agitation speeds of the mixer,as well as organic phase volume fractions ranging from 0.075 to 0.6.The aqueous and organic phase turbulent flow fields were measured by particle image velocimetry(PIV)technique to verify the CFD simulation.Two organic phases with different physical properties were assessed in the CFD simulation to simulate the liquid-liquid systems related to rare earth element extraction,i.e.,0.072 mol·L^-1 P507/kerosene and 1.8 mol·L^-1 P507/kerosene.Secondly,the CFD simulation was carried out in a settler equipped with baffles.The effects of number and location of the baffle in the settler on flow features and entrainments of the aqueous and organic outlet were analyzed.Meanwhile,different settler/mixer volume ratios were also examined.By analyses and comparisons,an optimal design for settler was proposed.CFD can provide a significant guidance to better mixer-settler design.
Sishi YeQiao TangYundong WangWeiyang Fei
关键词:LIQUID-LIQUIDOPTIMIZATION
皂化P507-HCl-煤油体系萃取镨钕被引量:11
2014年
通过平衡实验考察了皂化P507-HCl-煤油体系中初始水相pH、萃取剂P507皂化度以及P507浓度对单一稀土元素萃取和镨(Pr)钕(Nd)双元素萃取平衡的影响,确定皂化反应产物组成和最佳分离条件,并于最佳分离条件下在膜分散微萃取器中分离镨(Pr)钕(Nd)。结果表明,利用膜分散微萃取器萃取分离镨(Pr)钕(Nd)的萃取率和有效分离因子可与平衡实验相当,在膜分散微萃取器中反应时间大大缩短至2.5 s左右,提高了传质速率。
刘晶王运东
关键词:萃取
穿流-柔性组合桨强化搅拌槽中流体混沌混合特性被引量:7
2015年
刚性搅拌桨在搅拌混合过程中得到广泛的应用,在搅拌容器内容易形成两种不同的混合区域:混沌混合区和混合隔离区。强化流体混合的有效途径是合理设计搅拌桨,从而调控流体混沌混合行为。实验运用Labview和Matlab软件采集和处理流体内部压力脉动信号,并获取流体混沌特性参数Kolmogorov熵,对穿流-柔性组合桨体系的Kolmogorov熵随转速的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,相比传统刚性桨,穿流桨对Kolmogorov熵影响不大。穿流-柔性组合桨通过穿流孔与柔性部分的共同作用调控流场结构,使流体混沌混合的效果最好,在转速为180 r·min-1时流体的混沌混合达到最佳状态,穿流-柔性组合桨体系的Kolmogorov熵为0.285,而传统刚性桨体系的Kolmogorov熵只为0.125;穿流-柔性组合桨体系的混合时间明显低于传统刚性桨体系,当转速为120 r·min-1时穿流-柔性组合桨体系的混合时间比传统刚性桨体系缩短了17%。
刘仁龙李爽刘作华陶长元王运东
关键词:搅拌容器混沌
放大准则对混合澄清槽混合室中混合时间和流动特性的影响
基于计算流体力学(CFD)计算平台,在多重参考系(MRF)下采用标准k-ε湍流模型,研究了四种放大准则对混合澄清槽混合室内混合时间和流场特性的影响。结果显示,混合时间随转速的增加而减少,且其测量值与测量位置相关,单位体积...
唐巧叶思施王运东
关键词:混合室
P507-煤油体系物性测量及其在澄清槽内的CFD模拟
体系的界面张力对稀土萃取分离过程的澄清时间有着重要的影响。采用悬滴技术分别测量了不同P507-煤油体系与水,未皂化P507-煤油体系与盐酸在常温常压下的界面张力,采用旋转粘度计对不同P507-煤油体系进行粘度测量。讨论了...
叶思施唐巧乔军帅王运东
关键词:粘度
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