社会信任是国家和社会稳定的重要基石,中国正处于新时代背景下,因此,公民社会信任尤为重要。相关研究表明,社会信任与社会排斥、社会情绪和社会治理感知有关。本研究旨在探讨工薪阶层社会情绪和社会治理感知对社会排斥与社会信任的序列多重中介效应。本研究使用中国家庭追踪调查2020年的数据(N = 8112)进行分析。研究结果表明,工薪阶层受到的社会排斥越严重,其社会信任水平越低;不同领域社会排斥对工薪阶层社会信任的影响存在差异,其中社会关系排斥对社会信任影响最大;工薪阶层社会排斥对人际信任的负面影响远大于对政府信任的影响;社会情绪和社会治理感知在社会排斥和社会信任的关系中具有多重中介效应。以上研究结果揭示了社会排斥与社会信任之间的内在机制,对于国家和政府改善工薪阶层社会支持现状,提升社会信任水平,构建和完善社会主义和谐社会具有重要意义。Social trust is an important cornerstone of national and social stability. China is in a new era, so the trust of civil society is particularly important. Relevant studies have shown that social trust is related to social exclusion, social emotion and perception of social governance. The purpose of this study was to explore the multiple mediating effects of social emotion and social governance perception on social exclusion and social trust. Data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2020 (N = 8112) were used for analysis. The results show that the more serious the social exclusion of the working class, the lower the level of social trust;social exclusion in different fields has different effects on the social trust of the working class, among which social relationship exclusion has the greatest impact on social trust. The negative impact of social exclusion of the working class on interpersonal trust is much greater than that on government trust. Social emotion and perceived social go
本研究通过两个实验探讨不同自我建构下社会排斥对社会联结的影响。实验1 (N = 140)采用回忆书写范式探讨社会排斥是否会降低社会联结。结果发现,被拒绝组和被忽视组的社会联结均低于被接纳组,这表明社会排斥会降低个体的社会联结;实验2 (N = 201)采用指导语启动法和回忆书写范式考察被排斥者自我建构类型对社会联结的影响。结果表明,对于依存型自我建构者而言,与被忽视相比,被拒绝会增强其社会联结;对于独立型自我建构者而言,与被拒绝相比,被忽视会降低其社会联结。Two experiments were conducted to explore the effect of social exclusion on social connectedness, under different self-constructions. In Experiment 1, 140 participants were selected to explore whether social exclusion reduced social connectedness by using the recall writing paradigm. The results showed that the social connection of the rejected group and the neglected group was lower than that of the accepted group. In Experiment 2, a total of 201 participants were selected to study the effect of self-construction type on social connection of excluded participants. The results showed that for dependent self-constructors, rejection increased their social connection compared with being ignored. For independent self-constructors, being ignored reduces their social connection compared with being rejected.
近45年来,社会排斥现象一直受到社会学者、心理学者的深入关注。作为一种普遍存在的社会现象,社会排斥阻碍个体基本关系需求的满足,对被排斥者的认知、情绪产生强烈的消极影响;甚至可能严重损害个体的身心健康、导致外化的行为问题等。目前,社会排斥领域已有较为成熟的实验范式,其中常见的经典范式主要包括网络掷球范式、相互认识方式和回忆范式。近年来,互联网的高速发展,为社会排斥现象提供了新的媒介与作用范围。因此,心理学者开发了一种新型的、基于网络社交平台的网络社会排斥范式,以提高研究网络社会排斥现象的生态效应。总体而言,传统社会排斥范式已广泛应用于相关研究,并被证明具有较高的可靠性和有效性;与之相比,新型的网络排斥范式能够更精准地再现互联网社交环境中的排斥现象。二者各有其独特优势,研究者可根据研究问题与需求选择适合的范式,或结合多种范式开展实验,以更全面探究社会排斥现象。Over the past 45 years, the phenomenon of ostracism has received in-depth attention from sociologists and psychologists. As a widespread social phenomenon, ostracism prevents individuals from satisfying their basic relational needs and has a strong negative impact on the cognition and emotions of the excluded;it may even seriously damage the physical and mental health of individuals and lead to externalized behavioral problems. At present, there are relatively mature experimental paradigms in the field of ostracism, among which the common classical paradigms mainly include the network ball tossing paradigm, the mutual acquaintance approach, and the reminiscence paradigm. In recent years, the rapid development of the Internet has provided a new medium and scope of action for the phenomenon of ostracism. Therefore, psychologists have developed a novel, online ostracism paradigm based on online social platforms to improve the
