犯罪构成理论在学理上有耦合式和阶层式两种,耦合式理论主要是指的犯罪构成四要件理论,阶层式主要是指犯罪构成三阶层理论。犯罪构成四要件和三阶层之间存在着一些共性,同时也具有各自的特点和优势。本文对犯罪构成四要件和犯罪构成三阶层之间进行比较,主要围绕二者有无位阶关系、事实判断与价值判断先后、客观判断与主观判断先后、解决共犯困境四个方面进行论述,从中得出目前四要件存在的困境和三阶层理论的优势,以便通过吸收阶层理论存在的优势,弥补完善四要件理论存在的不足。There are two kinds of theories of crime composition: coupling theory and hierarchical theory, the coupling theory mainly refers to the theory of the four elements of crime, and the hierarchical theory mainly refers to the theory of three levels of crime composition. There are some commonalities between the four elements of crime and the three classes, and at the same time, they also have their own characteristics and advantages. This paper compares the four elements of crime and the three levels of crime, mainly focusing on four aspects: whether there is a hierarchical relationship between the two, the priority of factual judgment and value judgment, the priority of objective judgment and subjective judgment, and the solution of the dilemma of accomplices.
