随着生活水平的提高,性早熟的发病率逐年升高,性早熟患儿的年龄也逐年减小,且性早熟与肥胖、高血压、多囊卵巢综合征相关,可影响儿童远期健康。特发性性早熟(ICPP)是其中最常见的类型,西医治疗性早熟多采用促性腺激素释放激素类似物或与生长激素联合应用,其效果明显,但有一定的不良反应,中医药治疗特发性性早熟有一定的优势,经准确辩证使用后,效果明显,通过本文对相关文献的总结和分析,为治疗性早熟提供参考和借鉴。同时未来的研究和实践需要进一步深入,以探索更有效的治疗方法,改善特发性性早熟的预后效果,为患儿身心健康成长提供更好的支持和帮助。With the improvement of living standard, the incidence of precocious puberty is increasing year by year, and the age of children with precocious puberty is decreasing year by year, and precocious puberty is associated with obesity, hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, which can affect the long-term health of children. Idiopathic precocious puberty (ICPP) is the most common type among them. Western medicine treats precocious puberty mostly with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues or in combination with growth hormone, which has obvious effects but certain adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treats idiopathic precocious puberty with certain advantages, and the effect is obvious after using it with accurate dialectic, and the summaries and analyses of related literatures in this paper can provide references for and the summary and analysis of related literature in this paper can provide reference and reference for the treatment of precocious puberty. At the same time, future research and practice need to be further deepened to explore more effective treatment methods, improve the prognosis of idiopathic precocious puberty, and provide better support and help for the healthy growth of children’s bodies and minds.
【目的】探讨海南省特发性性早熟(idiopathic central precocious puberty,ICPP)女童的中医证型分布特点。【方法】回顾性选取海南省妇女儿童医学中心于2019年1月至2021年12月收治的216例ICPP女童为研究对象,对其中医证候进行频数统计和分级评分,并按阴虚火旺证、气血亏虚证和心肾不交证三大中医证型,探讨其中医证型分布特点。【结果】(1)发病年龄方面,216例ICPP女童的发病年龄在4~10岁之间,平均发病年龄为(7.15±1.06)岁,其中满7岁且不满8岁阶段的ICPP女童发病率最高,为49.54%。(2)中医证型方面,三大证型中,阴虚火旺证的占比最高(147例,占68.06%),其次是气血亏虚证(41例,占18.98%)及心肾不交证(28例,占12.96%)。(3)中医证候方面,临床常见证候(频率>25.0%)按出现频率由高到低依次为:怕热盗汗、手足心热、乳房胀痛、性情急躁、脉细数、大便干结、咽干口燥、潮热、多食肥甘、舌红少苔、抑郁、精神乏力、颧红、失眠多梦、舌红苔黄和口苦口干等16种。(4)各证型的年龄分布方面:阴虚火旺证和气血亏虚证均多见于满7岁且不满8岁年龄段的ICPP女童(占58.50%和51.22%),心肾不交证多见于满8岁且不满9岁年龄段的ICPP女童(占89.29%)。【结论】阴虚火旺证是海南省ICPP女童占比最高的中医证型。研究性早熟女童的中医证型分布,有助于性早熟女童的早期临床症状观察以及疾病的早期诊断,从而为ICPP女童的临床辨证用药提供线索和依据。
