海洋灾害作为自然灾害的重要组成部分,因其发生频繁、影响广泛、破坏性强,对沿海地区的生命财产安全、经济发展及生态环境构成了严重威胁。随着全球气候变化的加剧和人类活动的不断扩展,海洋灾害的频率、强度和影响范围均呈上升趋势,因此加强海洋灾害预警系统的建设与研究,提高预警的准确性和时效性,制定科学合理的防灾减灾策略,为区域可持续发展提供重要保障,对于减轻灾害损失、社会可持续发展具有重要意义。本文旨在对海洋灾害的类型、特点、预警机制及防范措施进行深入研究,综述当前海洋灾害预警技术的现状,分析存在的问题与挑战,并基于现有研究成果和技术趋势,为相关部门提供科学决策依据,降低海洋灾害带来的损失。Marine disasters, as an important part of natural disasters, pose a serious threat to life and property safety, economic development and ecological environment in coastal areas because of their frequent occurrence, wide impact and strong destructiveness. With the intensification of global climate change and the continuous expansion of human activities, the frequency, intensity and impact scope of marine disasters are on the rise. Therefore, the construction and research of marine disaster early warning system should be strengthened, the accuracy and timeliness of early warning should be improved, and scientific and reasonable disaster prevention and mitigation strategies should be formulated. To provide an important guarantee for regional sustainable development is of great significance for reducing disaster losses and sustainable social development. This paper aims to conduct in-depth research on the types, characteristics, early warning mechanisms and preventive measures of marine disasters, summarize the current status of marine disaster early warning technologies, analyze existing problems and challenges, and provide scientific decision-making basis for relevant department
