细点石斑鱼(Epinephelus cyanopodus),隶属于鲈形目、鮨科、石斑鱼属,是一种栖息于暖水礁区的肉食性鱼类。目前国内已实现人工养殖,但在苗种生产过程中面临雄性亲本获取困难的问题,性别调控的关键基因尚不明确。本试验通过转录组测序、近缘物种比对及从头预测等方法,对细点石斑鱼进行了基因组注释,共获得26,743个编码基因。在此基础上,联合近缘物种开展了比较基因组学分析,揭示了细点石斑鱼与赤点石斑鱼(Epinephelus akaara)之间的基因组差异及基因家族变化情况,同时定位到与性别调控相关的褪黑素(Melatonin, MT)合成基因aanat,为今后的性别调控研究奠定了数据基础。Epinephelus cyanopodus, belonging to the order Perciformes, family Serranidae, and genus Epinephelus, is a carnivorous fish that inhabits warm-water reef areas. At present, artificial breeding has been achieved in China. However, in the process of seed production, there is a problem of difficulty in obtaining male parents, and the key genes for sex control are still unclear. In this study, strategies such as transcriptome sequencing data, genome comparison with closely related species, and de novo prediction were adopted to complete the genome annotation work, and a total of 26,743 coding genes were identified. Based on this, a comparative genomics analysis was further conducted in combination with closely related species, revealing the quantity and distribution characteristics of various variations in the genome of Epinephelus cyanopodus, as well as the changing trends of gene families during evolution. Moreover, the key gene aanat related to sex regulation and melatonin (MT) synthesis was successfully located, establishes the data foundation for future studies on gender regulation.
发掘龟鳖表皮分化复合体(Epidermal Differentiation Complex,EDC)基因的序列特征和进化有助于解析其甲壳表皮特征的遗传基础和演化历史。文章对28个龟鳖的EDC基因进行了比较基因组学鉴定,染色体定位、氨基酸含量、结构域、蛋白空间结构分析和演化历史的重塑。研究结果表明龟鳖EDC基因具有和其他爬行动物相同的四类基因家族,其中简单表皮复合体(Simple epidermal differentiation complex,SEDC)基因家族成员通过多次串联重复事件,实现基因扩张。龟鳖SEDC蛋白氨基酸组成高度多样化,SEDC和S100融合蛋白(S100-fused type proteins,SFTP)蛋白氨基酸含量存在类群(硬壳、软壳、棱皮)特异性,这支持了龟鳖甲壳表皮结构的多样性。龟鳖S100钙结合蛋白A(S100 calcium binding protein A,S100A)和SFTP功能域和蛋白空间结构高度保守,仅肽聚糖识别蛋白(Peptidolycan recognition protein3,PGLYRP3)的motif3存在鳖科特异性丢失。龟鳖特有的含有脯氨酸、半胱氨酸和缬氨酸的表皮分化蛋白(Epidermal Differentiation protein rich in Proline,Cysteine and Valine,EDPCV)来源于富含脯氨酸的表皮分化蛋白(Epidermal differentiation protein rich in proline 1,EDP1),富含半胱氨酸和缬氨酸,通过串联复制实现基因扩张。研究为进一步研究EDPCV在龟鳖中的作用提供了数据基础和理论依据。
